Case 2: Layered Slope

Estimated reading time: 4 min Last updated: 9 October 2026
Case 2
Assign Properties Across Geological Layers

Define different material properties for four rock layers, apply common bench settings, and optimise a layered open-pit slope.

Exercise folder: Files for users/Case_2_layered in the tutorial models ZIP.

Before starting, complete the account setup. Follow the steps below online; the workbook PDF is available for printing or offline use. This case corresponds to workbook pages 17-21.

Create and Import the Section

  1. Choose File > New.
  2. Choose File > Import Section > DXF and open Case2_Layered_GroundModel.dxf from Case_2_layered.
  3. Select Meters under Import as, then click OK.
  4. Click the South face of the view cube. In Navigation, expand Cross-Sections > Case2_Layered_GroundModel1 to see its layers.
Imported Layered Section

You can also open Case2_layered_starter.cbf to begin with the supplied project. Check each layer’s properties rather than assuming that every field is complete.

Define Bench and Material Properties

Select each rock layer in Navigation. Use the following bench values for all four layers:

Bench Input Value
Bench height 15 m
Bench face angle 80°
Minimum berm width 7.5 m

Use Mohr-Coulomb for each layer and enter its material values:

Material Cohesion (kPa) Friction Angle (°) Unit Weight (kN/m³)
Granite 400 38 26.5
Limestone 400 28 24
Paragneiss 250 30 25.5
Quartz porphyries 280 33 27
Entering Layer Properties
Use the common bench values for every rock layer, then enter the material-specific values from the table.

The automatic berm-width rule gives 4.5 m + 0.2 × 15 m = 7.5 m if that field is left blank. Check every layer before selecting the cross-section.

Set the Slope Geometry

Select Case2_Layered_GroundModel1 and enter:

Section Input Value
Bench definition Bench height
Target FoS 1.3
Slope Anchor > Prescribed point Crest
Horizontal Crest Position 1300 m
Failure Direction Right to left
Target slope height 340 m
Case 2 Crest Anchor
Case 2 Slope Geometry

The full-bench arrangement gives 22 benches × 15 m = 330 m. For the workbook’s example, keep this bench-compatible height rather than selecting Use target height to add a shorter crest bench. If Use full benches is shown, select it before running the simulation. The target input remains 340 m.

See Target and Bench-Compatible Slope Heights for the difference between full-height benches and a shorter crest bench.

Review the estimated OSA range and ensure the green search region remains within the section’s ground area.

Save and Run the Simulation

  1. Choose File > Save As and save the project as Case2_layered_final.cbf in the exercise folder. Use a separate working folder if you want to keep the supplied reference project for comparison.
  2. Select the Simulation tab beside Visualiser, at the bottom of the main workspace, then select Case2_Layered_GroundModel1.
  3. Set Simulation results location to Automatic. A section simulation folder is created beside the saved .cbf project when the simulation starts.
  4. Click Start. If Simulation Check lists an issue, use Fix to open the affected field, correct it, and select Check Again.
  5. Once the check passes, click Start again. Review any later geometry or groundwater warnings and select your configured account if prompted. If the folder belongs to another account, cancel and choose a separate Custom folder to keep its existing results.
  6. Monitor the Node status summary and use Fetch results to retrieve the output.

For more detail, see Running Simulations. If the analysis does not start, use Simulation Does Not Start.

Review the Results

The workbook’s example reports:

Result Example Value
Target FoS 1.3
Achieved FoS 1.319
Target slope height 340 m
Bench-compatible slope height 330 m
Case 2 Example Result

Check that the crest is prescribed at 1300 m, the bench-compatible height is 330 m, and all four layers have the intended material and bench properties. Review the plotted layer boundaries and failure mechanism as well as the FoS. Use Case2_layered_final.cbf to compare the completed setup.

Export and Reuse the Output

  1. On the Simulation page, expand Output Tools.
  2. Choose the required DXF export format, then click Export DXF.
  3. To bring the optimised geometry back into the project, click Create project section from output.
  4. Open Visualiser and find the new section in Navigation.
Export option When to use it
Rocscience Prepare a 2D DXF for Rocscience software. The orientation is converted to the required import plane and the closed external boundary is generated automatically.
Global Keep the original global coordinates for comparison with the source model.
Local XZ Align the section with the XZ plane, with a fixed Y coordinate.
Local XY Flatten the section onto the XY plane, with a fixed Z coordinate.
Exporting the Optimised Profile
Choose the export format to suit the receiving software before exporting the DXF.
Creating a Project Section from Output
The new section can be viewed in the Visualiser alongside the original model.

For a Rocscience RS2 workflow, follow Importing Output into Rocscience RS2 and check the imported boundary assignments.

To export optimised slope angles as a block model CSV, follow Exporting the Section Block Model.

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